Comprehensive two children age, social security related policies are quietly restructuring. The moment, the first to usher in the implementation of the merger of health insurance and maternity insurance.
20, Human Resources and Social Ministry and Ministry of Finance jointly issued "on the stage to reduce social insurance rates notice" that maternity insurance and basic medical insurance implementation of the merger, the State Council formulated the relevant provisions to be unified organization and implementation.
Yang Yan Sui, director of Tsinghua University, Employment and Social Security Research Center, in an interview with CBN reporter said that China is now the need to encourage young maternity maternity insurance, maternity insurance reimbursement of the cost of the Second Birth relevant rules should be introduced as soon as possible, in order to protect women workers not because of the Second child and employment discrimination.
"China Social Insurance Annual Report 2014" shows that as of the end of 2014, the national maternity insurance number to reach 170 million people, and health insurance number over the same period 280 million urban workers. After two insurance implementation of the merger, maternity insurance coverage will be significantly expanded standard health insurance.
Yang Yan Sui believes that after giving birth to expand insurance coverage, the Fund will also enhance the ability to pay, will help to improve the treatment of maternity insurance reimbursement, so that more women workers benefit from it.
Merger operate, uniform implementation
"The current maternity insurance there is a small coverage, where every one in his administration and other issues is obviously difficult to adapt to the need for a comprehensive two children age. Two insurance implementation of the merger can strengthen maternity insurance management and services by connecting Medicare big platform." Yang Yan Sui said.
Maternity insurance and health insurance implementation of the merger have been identified and written "Thirteen Five" Plan in December last year, the Central Economic Work Conference.
Yang Yan Sui believes that the meaning of "merger implementation" is "Merge Manager, uniform implementation" is not incorporated into the maternity insurance medical insurance. The maternity insurance maternity hospital medical expenses are occurring, and have similar health insurance and cross-place, with the conditions of implementation of the merger.
Deputy director of Tsinghua University Employment and Social Security Research Center, Liu Guangjun in an interview with CBN reporter, said implementation of the merger of these two types of insurance reduces the cost of running the system, after the merger with medical insurance, maternity concurrent reimbursement of some diseases also more convenient, the treatment of persons insured there will be more protection.
"The combined just handling management, maternity insurance still exist, they still need a separate budget from the 'insurance policy' to 'one gold and four risk' is not accurate," Yang Yan Sui said.
Our maternity insurance was established in 1994, has been 22 years of history. In order to adapt to the market economy, the promotion of women's equal employment, the former Ministry of Labor issued the "enterprise workers maternity insurance pilot scheme," in 1994, established a maternity insurance system model.
The main mode of financing maternity insurance for employers to pay maternity insurance to the social insurance agencies, employees themselves. By 2010, the "Social Insurance Law" will incorporate all employers maternity insurance coverage.
In the pension, medical, unemployment, work injury, maternity five major social insurance, maternity insurance coverage minimum coverage to only 60% of medical insurance for urban workers, the number of urban basic medical insurance (including urban residents included) 1 / 3. Selective insured, do not pay maternity insurance for their employees when some private, non-public, small and micro enterprises and other social insurance. Furthermore, maternity insurance costs paid by the employer, individuals are not eligible to pay, so that other people in informal employment is difficult to enjoy maternity insurance.
"China Social Insurance Annual Report 2014" shows that the insured enterprises accounted for 79.4% of the insured population, organizations and institutions accounted for 16.9% of the number of insured, flexible employment accounted for 3.7%.
Local maternity insurance fragmentation situation is more serious. In 2015, there is no unified national maternity insurance rates, the policy only provides a maximum of not more than 1%, the development rate of the country according to their own situation. In 2014 the national average rate of 0.71%. 2015 State Department urged all localities to unify down to 0.5%.
Yang Yan Sui said that, in reality, some places will not maternity insurance as a separate insurance, in some places not even establish maternity insurance. Implementation of the merger after the two insurance, maternity insurance and medical insurance can be unified collection, unified treatment, which helps to expand the coverage of maternity insurance.
Under the existing social security rates, employee health insurance unit to pay 6%, 2% personal, maternity insurance unit contribution rate of 0.5%, after the implementation of the merger of two social insurance gross rate of 8.5%.
Maternity insurance remains an independent budget
According to "Social Insurance Law" Article 54, after attending can enjoy maternity insurance maternity insurance benefits including maternity medical expenses and maternity benefits.
Reproductive health care costs means that medical expenses during the hospital to occur and the cost of prenatal care. Maternity allowance is paid by the maternity insurance fund maternity pay during maternity leave.
Do you think that maternity insurance were only female workers or female workers accounted for most? This is a misunderstanding of the maternity insurance. In 2014, participated in maternity insurance number of female workers accounted for about 43.5% of the insured person, it has been stable since 2009 in the proportion. This shows that male workers participated in maternity insurance is slightly more than the number of women workers.
So, what male workers enjoy maternity insurance benefits? Social Insurance Act provides that an employee not employed spouse enjoy reproductive health care costs the treatment in accordance with national regulations. From the funds needed to pay maternity insurance fund. This suggests that male workers if the spouse does not work, you can enjoy reproductive health care costs but can not enjoy as maternity pay maternity allowance.
Due to maternity medical expenses and maternity benefits after two kinds of reimbursement ways, maternity insurance and health insurance implementation of the merger will be only part of reproductive health care costs and the unified management of the Medical Benefits Fund, and that part of the maternity allowance, medical insurance fund and obviously can not be merged.
Yang Yan Sui believes that two insurance implementation of the merger is not fully consolidated health insurance fund and maternity insurance fund, on the contrary, must be independent maternity insurance budget.
In particular, the future of maternity insurance fund budget is divided into two sections, one for reproductive health care costs can be assigned to use a unified health insurance fund, one for maternity benefits, access to social security payment system for social security channels. How to divide the ratio of the two parts of the Fund, the government needs to place data on the basis of scientific calculations.
Maternity Insurance favorable "Second Child"
After "a comprehensive second child" policy, the impact of women in the workplace or employment discrimination become a social hot topic, the employer may be a second child because of the appointment of female employees as little as possible, so that the employment situation of women is more difficult.
Change this situation need to rebuild the whole social and cultural growth of the fundamental. Of public policy, to expand the coverage of maternity insurance will help ease the anxiety of the employer.
Payment of maternity benefits is an important task maternity insurance. Significance of maternity allowance during childbirth, female workers from the maternity insurance fund wages, wage-unit can be suspended. If there is no maternity allowance, for some women workers concentrated industries, the burden of the employer would be more important, because women workers may lose their jobs as a second child.
In fertility treatment expenses insurance, maternity benefits is three times the growth of medical costs."China Social Insurance Annual Report 2014" shows that in 2014 the national fertility treatment expenditure was 14,457 yuan per capita, per capita expenditure 4001 yuan reproductive medical treatment, women workers maternity allowance per capita spending 13,458 yuan.
Yang Yan Sui said the merger of two insurance maternity insurance will increase management efficiency, enhance the Fund's ability to pay, in order to achieve encourages the Second Child, women workers rights protection as well as to reduce the burden on the balance between the three units.